Do I Really Need Antibiotics Before My IVF Cycle?

If you’re preparing for IVF or IUI, you may have been told to take antibiotics before your procedure “just in case.” It’s a common recommendation—but is it always necessary?

Let’s dig in.

Why Antibiotics Are Sometimes Prescribed

Some fertility clinics prescribe antibiotics routinely before procedures like egg retrieval or embryo transfer, especially if there’s concern about infection from a past history of STIs, surgery, or uterine procedures. The thinking is: better safe than sorry.

But recent research tells a more complicated story.

The Role of the Uterine Microbiome

Just like the gut or the vagina, the uterus has its own microbiome—yes, even though it was once considered “sterile.” Disrupting that balance with antibiotics may do more harm than good, especially if there's no infection to treat.

Studies show that a healthy uterine microbiome may actually improve implantation and pregnancy rates. Overusing antibiotics can throw things off, potentially decreasing the “good” bacteria that support fertility.

When to Ask Questions

You always have the right to ask:

• What is the purpose of this antibiotic?

• Is there evidence I have an infection?

• What are the risks of not taking it?

• Can we test first?

Sometimes antibiotics are absolutely the right call. But routine, un-individualized use may be worth questioning—especially when it’s about protecting your fertility, not just treating illness.

What You Can Do

• Support your microbiome with probiotics, fermented foods, and minimizing unnecessary antibiotics.

• Consider vaginal health before conception—talk to a knowledgeable OB, fertility specialist, or pelvic PT.

• Partner with a care team that listens and personalizes your care.

Bottom line: Not all antibiotics are bad, and not all are necessary. You deserve care that balances evidence with your individual story.